| ALERGIJA NA PLESNI Plesni so mikroskopske gobe, ki povzročajo alegijo preko spor, katere se izločijo in prosto potujejo po zraku predvsem ob koncu poletja in v jeseni. Najbolje razširjene pri nas so : Alternaria, il Cladosporium, Aspergillus in Penicillium.
Plesni se pojavijo v hiši in izven nje, pogoj je visoka relativna vlažnost ( nad 50% ). Sodobna stanovanja, predvsem dobro izolirana in slabo zračena, povečajo vlažnost in s tem ustvarijo idelno mikroklimo za razvoj plesni. V stanovanju se plesni pojavijo v tleh in vlažnih zidovih ( za omarami v zidnih omarah, prostoru za čevlje, shramba, itd..), v vzmetnicah, blazinah, oblazinjenem pohištvu, v tepihih, v klima napravah , v vlažilcih, hladilnikih, sobnih rastlinah, in slabo konzervirani hrani.
Zunaj hiše najdemo plesni na zemlji in v organskem razpadajočem materialu. ( listi in sadje katero ostane na zemlji, les, itd. ), zelo so razširjrne v delovnem okolju papirnic, lesni industriji, toplih gredah, mesni industriji. PREVENTIVA
1>> Najučinkovitejša preventivna metoda za preprečitev nastajanja plesni v stanovanju je obdržati relativno vlago pod 50 %, z primernim prezračevanjem prostorov. Vlago merimo z higrometri.
2>> V poletnih mesecih, je priporočljiva uporaba klimatskih naprav ( nekatere ekonomične klima naprave ne odvajajo odvečne vlage iz prostora). 3>> Ne uporabljati vlažilcev zraka in omejiti uporabao aparatov, ki proizvajajo paro. 4>> Kontrolirati prostore, kjer lahko nastajajo plesni. Z zidov lahko odstranimo plesni z uporabo fungicidnih dodatkov za barvila. Pohištvo naj bo odmaknjeno od zidov, da lahko zrak kroži. Posebej moramo biti pozorni na zidne omare, koš za smeti, hladilnik, in vse vlažne površine ( ploščice in sanitarna oprema, zavese v tuš kabinah, vlažilne posode na radiatorjih). Filtri v klimatskih napravah morajo biti redno vzdrževani. 5>> Čistilec zraka lahko predstavljajo dober pripomoček, saj je dokazano , da zadrži 99 % alegenov plesni. 6>> Omejiti sobne rastline v stanovanju. 7>> Bodite pozorni na počitniške hišice, katere ne uporabjate daljše obdobje. Klinična raziskava o gobah v ležiščih Allergy
Volume 61 Page 140 - January 2006
doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00941.x | | Volume 61 Issue 1 | | | | Short communication | | Fungal contamination of bedding | | A. A. Woodcock1, N. Steel2, C. B. Moore2, S. J. Howard2, A. Custovic1, D. W. Denning1,2 | | Background: It is currently believed that most fungal exposure occurs external to the home. Aims: To enumerate the fungal flora of used synthetic and feather pillows and the dust vacuumed from them, in the UK. Methods: 10 pillows aged between 1.5 and >20 years in regular use were collected and quantitatively cultured for fungi. Swatches were taken from nine sections of the pillow and dust was also collected by vacuum from five pillows. Pillow vacuuming was carried out prior to pillow culture. All were cultured at room temperature, 30 and 37°C for 7 days in broth before plating, and a subset were also cultured for 24 h in broth and then plated. Fungi were identified by standard morphological methods. Results: The commonest three species isolated were Aspergillus fumigatus (n = 10), Aureobasidium pullulans (n = 6) and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (n = 6). Another 47 species were isolated from pillows and vacuum dust. The number of species isolated per pillow varied from 4 to 16, with a higher number from synthetic pillows. Compared with the nonallergenic A. pullulans, more A. fumigatus was found in synthetic than feather pillows. Conclusions: We have examined pillows for fungal contamination, and show that the typical used pillow contains a substantial load of many species of fungi, particularly A. fumigatus. Given the time spent sleeping, and the proximity of the pillow to the airway, synthetic and feather pillows could be the primary source of fungi and fungal products. This has important implications for patients with respiratory disease, and especially asthma and sinusitis. | | | |
